*EPF405 10/07/2004
Text: U.S. Health Agency Moving Toward Smallpox, Plague Vaccines
(Action another step in nation's defense against bioterrorism) (940)

Companies in Denmark, England and the United States have won U.S. biodefense contracts to make vaccines against smallpox, plague and tularemia, all considered potential agents of bioterror.

The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) announced the award of the more than $230 million in contracts in an October 9 news release.

"These new contracts are the next steps in our plans to build a robust stockpile of critical medical countermeasures and supplies, so we are even more prepared to respond to a biological attack or outbreak," said HHS Secretary Tommy G. Thompson.

Bavarian Nordic A/S of Denmark and Acambis Inc. of the United States and England will be following through on earlier work on smallpox vaccine candidates.

Avecia Biotechnolgoy Ltd., also of England, will be working on a vaccine against plague, a highly infectious disease for which there currently is no vaccine.

DynPort Vaccine Company LLC of the United States will be working on a vaccine against tularemia, an infectious bacterial disease characterized by fever, headache and swelling of the lymph nodes.

The text of the HHS press release follows:

(begin text)

HHS NEWS

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Thursday, Oct. 7, 2004

HHS AWARDS $232 MILLION IN BIODEFENSE CONTRACTS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT

HHS Secretary Tommy G. Thompson today announced four new contracts totaling more than $232 million to fund development of new vaccines against three potential agents of bioterrorism: smallpox, plague and tularemia. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), will administer the contracts.

"We are moving as quickly as possible to develop new vaccines to ensure that our nation is protected against an array of potential bioterror agents," Secretary Thompson said. "These new contracts are the next steps in our plans to build a robust stockpile of critical medical countermeasures and supplies, so we are even more prepared to respond to a biological attack or outbreak."

These awards respond to a key objective of the NIAID biodefense research agenda, which emphasizes the development of new and improved medical products against "Category A" agents--those considered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to pose the greatest threat to national security.

The smallpox awards continue advanced development work that began in February 2003 on two modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vaccine candidates. These contracts will support larger scale manufacturing of the vaccines as well as further safety and effectiveness studies in animals and humans. The tularemia and plague awards will fund early-stage product development of the respective vaccines, which will include dosage formulation, pilot batch production and initial clinical assessment. All four contracts are for purchases of vaccine lots intended for research use. Any future purchases of additional vaccines for stockpiling in the event of an emergency will depend on the results of the research currently underway.

"In a short period of time, we have greatly expanded our partnerships with industry to spur the development of vaccines against the most deadly agents of bioterrorism," said Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., director of NIAID. "These important new contracts reflect our commitment to develop medical tools to protect citizens against pathogens that could be deliberately introduced into society."

NIAID awarded two contracts totaling up to $177 million for advanced development of MVA vaccines against smallpox. The three-year contracts were awarded to Bavarian Nordic A/S of Copenhagen, Denmark, and Acambis, Inc., of Cambridge, Mass., and Cambridge, England. MVA is a highly weakened form of the vaccinia virus that cannot replicate in human cells.

Previous NIAID research has demonstrated that MVA is nearly as effective as the standard smallpox vaccine, making it a promising candidate for use in children and pregnant women as well as people with weakened immune systems or skin conditions such as eczema. The new contracts will allow the companies to continue the work they began under contracts awarded in February 2003.

For the plague vaccine, NIAID awarded a contract to Avecia Biotechnology, Ltd., of Manchester, England. The three-year, $50.7 million contract covers the manufacture of a new plague vaccine as well as animal testing and initial human trials. There is currently no licensed plague vaccine, and the pneumonic form of the disease, which infects the lungs and can spread from person to person through the air, is nearly always fatal unless antibiotic treatment is started within 24 hours of infection.

NIAID also modified an existing contract with DynPort Vaccine Company LLC of Frederick, Md., to include the manufacture of a pilot batch of live, attenuated tularemia vaccine. The three-year, $4.5 million contract modification also covers stability testing of the vaccine. Tularemia is a highly infectious bacterial disease most often transmitted by ticks and insects. In humans, illness is characterized by intermittent fever, headache and swelling of the lymph nodes. This live, attenuated vaccine contains a weakened form of the tularemia bacterium, enabling the immune system to recognize and produce neutralizing antibodies against the bacterium if it is encountered again.

NIAID is a component of NIH, an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIAID supports basic and applied research to prevent, diagnose and treat infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections, influenza, tuberculosis, malaria and illness from potential agents of bioterrorism. NIAID also supports research on transplantation and immune-related illnesses, including autoimmune disorders, asthma and allergies.

Press releases, fact sheets and other NIAID-related materials are available on the NIAID Web site at .

(end text)

(Distributed by the Bureau of International Information Programs, U.S. Department of State. Web site: http://usinfo.state.gov)

Return to Public File Main Page

Return to Public Table of Contents