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Meet Amazing Americans 音樂家與作曲家  約翰菲利普蘇沙 (John Philip Sousa)
 
蘇沙「永恆的星條旗」作品的原始樂譜 Sousa's original score for "The Stars and Stripes Forever"
蘇沙「永恆的星條旗」作品的原始樂譜 Sousa's original score for "The Stars and Stripes Forever"

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Imperial Marimba Band playing "The Stars and Stripes Forever"

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「永恆的星條旗」(The Stars and Stripes Forever)

蘇沙的天賦異稟對他的音樂寫作很有幫助,他可以在閱讀樂譜之後、就想像出那是一條什麼樣的歌;很多音樂家、作曲家都需要一台鋼琴才能寫曲,但蘇沙只要在腦中思考便能想像出音樂,他稱之為「腦內樂團」;他同時擁有完美的音感,能判斷所有演奏出的音符;蘇沙也是個用功、專注的人,在任何地方都能進行音樂創作:在火車上、在樂團練習間的空檔、或是在旅館房間內,都能夠寫曲。

蘇沙認為必須在寫作時有靈感,才能寫出激勵人心的音樂,有些靈感來自於「更高處的力量」、有些則是來自於他的想像力;在編寫進行曲時,蘇沙常會「解放自我的想像力、想像閃閃發光的槍枝與刀劍,然後用腳擊地當作打鼓的節拍、再揣摩軍隊場景的雄偉與壯觀景象」。蘇沙也能在日常生活中獲得靈感,「永恆的星條旗」就是蘇沙在回國的路上編寫出來的。

Sousa had natural talents that helped him when he was writing music. He could imagine what a song would sound like just by reading the musical score. Many musicians and composers need a piano to help them hear a song, but Sousa could hear it in his head. He called it his "brain-band." He also had what is called perfect pitch, because he could recognize any note played. And Sousa was hard-working and focused. He would write music almost anywhere: on a train, between band rehearsals, or in a hotel room.

Sousa believed that in order to write inspiring music--music that would "make goose pimples chase each other up and down your spine"--he had to be inspired when he wrote it. Some of his inspiration came from a "higher power" and some of it came from his imagination. When composing a march, Sousa would often "turn my imagination loose among scenes of barbaric splendor. I picture to myself the glitter of guns and swords, the tread of feet to the drum beat, and all that is grand and glorious in military scenes." Sousa also found inspiration in everyday life. The inspiration for "The Stars and Stripes Forever" came while Sousa was traveling home to the United States.

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CREDIT: Sousa, John Philip. "The Stars and Stripes Forever" Holograph score for band, April 26, 1897. Music Division of the Library of Congress.

AUDIO CREDIT: Sousa, John Philip (author). "The stars and stripes forever march / J. P. Sousa ; [performed by] Imperial Marimba Band." Orange, N.J. : Edison, 1918. Early Motion Pictures, 1897-1920 from the Library of Congress.